Transformational and Charismatic Leadership †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Transformational and Charismatic Leadership. Answer: Introduction In 2012-2013, the Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey pointed out some health issues faced by Australias indigenous community(ABS, 2013). The data collected by the Australian Health Survey (AHS) revealed unusual health issues among the Aborigines who are Australias indigenous communities. The research compared Aborigines in remote and those in non-remote areas. With a population of 9,300, the survey made conclusive remarks about their blood, urine, nutritional and chronic health tests. Its key findings identified a health trend of chronic illnesses in the group and well as unhealthy behavioral patterns. Its outcome also highlighted poor health caused by poor nutrition, and lifestyles diseases like diabetes and addictions. The group detailed findings for different age groups including adults, teenagers and children. It made a record of health related conditions, disabilities, alcohol and drug abuse, social and emotional wellbeing, cultural identification, wo mens health and family stressors among others. Linked to demographic measures of age, diet, blood pressure, substance use, health status, food security among others, the findings confirmed researchers fears of general health effects, long-term conditions, and health risk factors on Aborigines(Lorina, 2016). The results showed that 67.4% had long tern health effects, 35.7% had disabilities and 30.1% of adults had psychological depression. 18.0% engaged in alcohol and risky behavior while family stressors affected 73.4%. Research highlights the importance of nature and nurture in the complete development of the Aboriginal community in Australia(Taylor Kukutai, 2016). In 1950-1960, the Maralinga Nuclear Testing by the British adversely affected the indigenous people in Australia(SBS, 2014). Dreaming trucks sent to Maralinga a dwelling place for the Aborigines had radioactive material Plutonium used for nuclear tests. This has dangerous reactors that blinded animals living in the environment. Its components, the actinide is harmful to people living in overpopulated areas, it causes body defects, health complications, cancers, and it lowers the immune system. The deliberate exposure of the Aborigine to an environment with nuclear matter was like using them as guinea pigs in a nuclear test. Exposing them to radiation led to contamination of their natural environment. The discovery of the situation led to their evacuations and attempts to clean them up by scrubbing their fingernails while not explaining the actions. Although the people received compensation in $13.5 million dollars, to date there are claims that this race is more prone to health complications. The health alienations increased their mortality rate because of poor nutrition, psychological problems, addictions and abnormal blood pressure. This was a vulnerable community leaving in a hardship area with limited access to health care. Some of the hindrances include long distance from amenities(Australia, 2015). Historical injustices further indicate violations and destruction of a generation during colonial periods(Ahmed, 2001). By 1910-1970, the aborigine children faced separation with their families. Close to 100,000 in their early childhood were culturally alienated. The giving of children to white families by police kept a generation away from their families. With no records to help them trace back their roots, they lost the privilege of learning their culture, language and values. Such alienation has physical, emotional and social effects. As a result, most of them grew up without a sense of belonging. This destroyed their self-esteem giving them a sense of loneliness, unworthiness and insecure. It was common to find most of them depressed and some committed suicide. Those who could not bear the pressure turned to crime, and addictions. Mass murders, economic oppression and slavery describe Contemporary Concerns An Aljazeera report about the injutices faced by Aboriginal Australians indicate a gap between the inidgineous and non indigeneous Australians (2014). Some of the inequalities include reduced life expectancies, alienation from social rights such as education, sources of income, professional development and opportunities in life. Lack of employment contributes to the already existing social issues of poverty, and lack of quality health care. These challenges reduce life expectancy and contribute to desperation. Poor diet due to lack of food also leads to poor maternal health, childhood mortality and common diseases. When young children and infants fail to get the necessary benefits of health they face health challenges such as chronic illness and are prone to infections. The unsafe environment is a health risk because of poisons, and respiratory illnesses. There are challenges of culturally unsafe healthcare represented by the white system. The lack of government support for this mino rity group has come under criticism. The community covers a small percentage of the population at just 2% of the countrys population. However, these 23million alienated Australians continue to face inequalities in the work place(Aljazeera, 2014). There are more reports about high suicide rates, homelessness and poor health. Reports about the incarceration of the indigenous continues to cause deaths. Humanitarian activists also point out that there are indications of police brutality and welfare violations. The inhumane treatment of the aborigines brings back memories of historical maltreatment of the group. Evidently, the long-term challenges of historical injustices have trickled down to the population. Discrimination keeps widening the social gap and it is evident in the young generation in schools system. This raises questions about the coexistence of the two races in future. Some suggest that the stakeholders must come to an acceptance of the violations in the past and in the present(Georgatos, 2014). The news report expresses unrest over the fact that Australia is among the developed countries yet its own indigenous people suffer from problems faced by third world populations. However, one can argue that racial issues continue to remain unresolved in other parts of the world too(Clifford, 2013) Researchers in humanitarian organizations point out that this case study is complex and involves long-term violations across many years and by different governments(Aljazeera, 2014). Suggestions made include the involvement of bipartisan strategies that include both the government and the indigenous people. From history, community groups have faced various violations. In an effort to find solutions and healing for the minority groups, it is important to dig deeper into history beyond colonialism. Ecological factors are important in dealing with population controls, and inequalities(Clifford, 2013, p. 43). Since this is a multifaceted problem, a multilevel approach involving government and non-government partners is necessary. There is a need to give health solutions, policy, material and psychological support. The participation of the community in the solution process is important(Cohen, 2013). The Aborigine traditional system of leadership and its cultural practices and important. In this case, boundary gives this indigenous group meaning. It helps to construct the past, present and their locality. The Aborigines have a right to protect their community and culture according to the UN and Australian laws(AG, 2017). Their participation could be in various forms. Partners could offer training of health workers from the community to enable them to promote health services to Aborigines. The experiences have discouraged the indigenous community from seeking medical care. Racism also has a role in the inequalities(Thompson Durey, 2012). Considering the high poverty levels among the Aborigines, one way to encourage participation is to give support. Offering transportation to health facilities in rural settings encourages the community to access health care services. The government has a responsibility to ensure common good(Wallis, 2013). A functional government needs to show commitment to the welfare. Accessible health care centers within the communitys reach is necessary. Community elders, individuals, and groups should be part of the service provision. The involvement of political, health and economic institution gives the indigenous community a reason to become part of the society. When the minority have no access to basic services including education, it limits their capacity to become part of the governing team. In the Australian case. Cross-cultural leadership would be strategic and transformation(Kark Shamir, 2013). An inclusive form of leadership gives the community confidence and a sense of security. This is appropriate in a system rocked by mistrust and mistreatment of the minority. The government has tried to offer assimilation but the dilapidating nature of the group keeps showing attempts to destroy the Aborigines culture and histo ry(Georgatos, 2014). Non-government partners include global donors and agencies in health care, culture, and civic interest groups. These should encourage a safe working environment for all partners. Part of their wok is to provide monetary resources for facilitating the transformation and psychological support services like counselling. However, the agencies need to provide accountability for the sustainability of the programs. There are community-based organizations, civil society groups, business community and volunteer groups among others. Among these, there should be groups for vulnerable groups like women and children. Their role is to ensure that the decision making process follows legitimacy and effective implementation. The first step in the negotiation is to identifying culturally safe and appropriate strategies. Accountability on the part of the NGO and government service providers includes acceptance of any injustices committed and making the necessary steps towards reconciliation. The compensation of the Aborigines by the colonialists is one-step(Australia, 2015). The governments policy of assimilation also paved the way for reconciliation(AIATSIS, 1961). However, its success is yet to show a trickledown effect on the marginalized community. The attempt to enjoin them into the white community should not have taken children forcefully from their families(findandconect, 2017). Creating awareness about the historical issues such as the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and colonial hurts brings all stakeholders to the reality on the underlying issues. Making history and culture part of the negotiation gives guidance on History has a way of giving valuable lessons through personal reflection of injustices.(Wheeler, et al., 2013). The control of emotions during negotiation is critical because all partners need to apply rationality and objectivity. The use of research findings is proof that there is a health problem, which needs medical and psychological solutions. This is part of the healing process because it gives the government a chance for making things right. The fact that there is discrimination in schools calls for the involvement of the whole society in order to prevent future recurrence of the same problems(Wang Eccle, 2012). Among the issues to address, include discrimination and bias in different parts of life. Australias Aborigine law acknowl edges the existence of Aborigines and natives thereby giving recognition for traditional and English laws. However, many Australians oppose the customary laws(Wood, 2016). Health care is a basic human necessity. Taking it for granted is unethical. Workers charged with health consultation need an effective and respectful communication. The consultation and negotiation procedures with the afflicted community may take time, resources and progressive development. Aborigines should also become part of the Australian Health care in order to get rid of the lack of trust for white government. It is important to address communication barriers such as lack of education. The lack of knowledge is one of the reasons for behavioral risk factors in the health research(Lorina, 2016). Nurses should serve the community without discriminating or showing any signs of disregard(Hayes, et al., 2012). Conclusion In conclusion, the Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander case is a complex one that requires multiple partners to solve it. A problem stems from historical issues takes longer to resolve because it affects generations. People can reflect on cultural coexistence in social places, workplace and professional relationships. Working in partnership with the Torres Strait Islander people and communities service providers includes strong cultural issues, which allows them to own the process. The quest for self-determination comes from the desire for Australian minorities to have their own states. An independent state determines its own destiny without external influences. In such a case, the Aborigines would not have to give up their children in an attempt to become part of assimilation. Having respect for a nation encourages nationhood defined by cultural identity and a history. This would encourage the Aborigines to participate in services for a desired outcome. However, the lim itation of lack of proper education and structural systems to facilitate a form of government is futile. Australias Aborigine law accepts the legal existence of the indigenous. However, the majority group still oppose it because many do not understand its context. Bibliography ABS, 2013. Austalian Aboriginal and Torres Staraight Islander Health Survey: First Results, Australia, 2012-13. Australian Bureau Statistics, 4727.055.001(1). AG, 2017. International human rights system. [Online] Available at: https://www.ag.gov.au/RightsAndProtections/HumanRights/Pages/International-Human-Rights-System.aspx [Accessed 26 Augut 2017]. Ahmed, N. M., 2001. 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